What it means
Voltage on the 4WD range signal line is below the expected window. Wiring faults of this kind typically come from chafing, water ingress at connector seals, or pin push-back — a wiggle test on the harness while the code is active often confirms the location.
At a glance
- Usually lights the check-engine light
How it works
The 4WD range sensor sends a voltage signal representing the transfer-case position to the control module. This code sets when that signal is below its expected electrical range, which can result from a signal wire grounded, an internally shorted sensor, or resistance at corroded connector pins.
Common causes
Most likely first.
- Signal wire shorted to ground
- Internal short in range sensor
- Connector pins corroded - high contact resistance
Symptoms
- Check engine or 4WD warning light may be on
- Selected 4WD range may display incorrectly or not at all
- 4WD range selection may be unavailable
How to diagnose it
- Record freeze-frame data and check live range-signal voltage, reported range, and related 4WD circuit codes.
- Inspect the range sensor connector and harness for corrosion, water, rubbed-through insulation, pin damage, or a wire contacting ground.
- Check sensor supply and ground before testing the signal, following the manufacturer's wiring information.
- With the circuit isolated as specified by the manufacturer, test the signal wire for a short to ground and check connector voltage drop.
- If the harness and connections pass, test the range sensor output through the transfer-case positions and compare it with the manufacturer's specification.
Common fixes
- Clean or replace corroded range-sensor connector terminals.
- Repair the signal wire where it is shorted to ground.
- Restore a poor sensor ground or damaged connector connection.
- Replace a range sensor with an internal short.
Can I keep driving?
Do not depend on the range display or 4WD selection while the signal is low and the reported position is unreliable. Avoid slippery or demanding driving if you cannot confirm which transfer-case range is engaged.
A code shows where the control module detected a fault, not always which part failed. Check the causes in order and confirm with a test before replacing parts. Have several codes? Check them together
This is a generic code: it means the same on every make. The car’s maker may add more detail in its own service information.